Poker is one of the most popular casino games on the planet. When it comes to card games, poker is played (or, at least, understood) by more people than any other card game in the world.

As you might be able to imagine, that’s the main reason why the best online casinos offer poker and many variations of this amazing card game in their virtual tables. This gives you the chance, as someone who’d rather gamble from your home, to enjoy a competitive playing environment in which you can face some of the world’s best poker players.

Hot poker topics: Helping Players Learn Effective Online Casino Tips; Determining the Winning Hand in Poker Games; Poker Variations for Texas Holdem; Don’t Leave Money on the Table – Texas Holdem Betting Tips; Step Up Your Texas Holdem Game. Texas Hold 'Em Poker Strategy Tips Helping beginners understand the basics so they can play like the pros. Erik Arneson has been writing about games since 1999. He's the author of a gaming book and the former VP of the Strategy Gaming Society. Learn about The Spruce Crafts' Editorial Process. 888poker sets beginner players on the right path with the top poker strategy tips. Learn what you should and shouldn. Some other miscellaneous tips: #39 Learn Other Game Variations. If you are brand new to Texas Hold’em, maybe put this one on the bucket list. However, learning a new game variation will broaden your poker knowledge and often you will acquire new strategies which are transferable straight back to Holdem.

Playing Poker in brick-and-mortar casinos is actually very similar to playing it online, with the sole difference of it being harder to read an opponent when playing on any digital device.

In this article, though, we’ll be exploring different poker strategies that you can use to win whilst also taking into consideration each strategy’s impact on virtual poker and real-life poker. Use these strategies wisely and watch your win rate rise!

Once you’re done reading our ultimate poker guide and you checked out our list of gambling tips, remember to visit the best online casinos to play poker from your home.

Pay Attention to Your Opponents

We’re starting this guide with the number one rule to winning in poker: paying attention to your opponent and how they play the game. The cards that you have in your hand are just as important as understanding how your opponent plays, as that will allow you to know when to play lower-value hands and when to fold.

Tricks

As you can imagine, reading your opponent’s move in a real-life poker table is a bit easier than it is to read them when playing online. However, that doesn’t take away from the fact that it’s possible to do it in any type of poker game.

When you’re playing online, you’re going to have to focus on the hands at which your opponent wins, how they play, when they raise, when they check, and when they fold. If you’re playing against a real opponent instead of a digital avatar in any online casino, then you can also take other factors into consideration.

In many ways, playing online poker can prove to be a tad more challenging than playing against real players. Just remember – if you can read your opponent, so can they!

Holdem Poker Tips

Learning to Mix Things Up and Avoid Gestures

Before we go into card plays and what you should do in certain situations, it’s important to understand the do’s and don’ts of your play and the things you do in the game. There are two aspects that come into play, which are as follows:

Gesturing in Poker – A Fundamental Part of the Game

One of the most difficult things to do in poker is to stop gesturing when you get something good, something bad, or when you’re getting ready to make a specific type of play.

The reason why this is so difficult to do is that you don’t do it consciously. Your brain has a way of telling your body how to react to certain situations, which causes you to perform involuntary actions that can go against you in a real-life table game.

Of course, this factor is completely off the table when you’re playing online poker, but that also means you won’t be able to read your opponent’s reactions.

In any case, you should notice how professional poker players control their emotions when they play in professional tournaments against other masters of the craft. Oftentimes, it is the ability to keep oneself together when playing under pressure that separates average players from the pros.

You can also use gestures in your favor, though. You might be able to make other players think that you have a good hand when you’ve had a terrible draw, or you might convince them to keep playing when you actually have a fantastic hand on you.

Gesturing is one of the most important aspects of real-life poker. If you want to get good at the game, we fully recommend you study gesturing techniques in poker. You could also stop doing obvious follow-up plays in online poker, which helps to become more unpredictable and increase your wins. Always remember to use the safest deposit and withdrawal methods when playing in online casinos, though.

Changing Aspects of Your Play During the Game

Equally as important as gesturing, and much more relevant in the online poker scene, is mixing things up during the game. Detecting patterns of play are ways that poker players have, in real life, to know when you’re bluffing or when you’re serious about a hand.

This is one of the main reasons why it’s important for you to try not to fall into patterns of play, but rather mix things up during the game. If you continuously do the same thing again and again, you will become too easy to read, and your opponents will get the hang of it pretty quickly.

It’s important for you to mix things up and attempt different moves constantly without losing too many chips.

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For example, you might want to change the times at which you check or raise from hand to hand, or create smaller patterns of play for you to follow, without having your opponents catch up to them. The better the player, the easier it will be for them to read the way you play!

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When to Raise in Poker

Raising is one of the most basic things in poker, which consists of you upping the met of whoever played before you. Raises occur in most rounds, so you’ll want to know when to raise and when to avoid it. This is a small raise guide that can help you understand when to do it, although situational factors also come into play. We’ll talk about them later, but these are the basics of when to raise in poker:

  • When you have a good hand – Raising the stakes when you have a good hand is usually a good move. The more certain you are that you’ll win, the better the move might turn out to be
  • Raise on the turn or the river if you haven’t raised and have a good hand – Not raising on the flop or pre-flop can allow you to get a better hold of your opponents, but you might want to bet before if you want to set a statement from the get-go
  • Raising when another player has already raised – This can be a massive statement of intent that you give to another aggressive player during a hand. Some players are not easily scared of by raises, while others play more conservative games and tend to fold
  • Raising as a bluff – This is the riskiest reason to raise in poker, but one that can be very common in professional poker tournaments. It’s often uses as a situational move, as players risk getting caught doing it and their games being easily read. In any case, you might raise during the flop or pre-flop as an aggressive bluff. The most common “bluff” raises occur during 1v1 showdowns, though, as it’s always easier and less risky to trick a single player than 2 or more.
  • Raising as a way to get info on the table – If you want to get a better idea of what your opponents have in their hands, you might want to take the risk of raising on the flop. This might allow you to understand what you’re dealing with, who’s more confident in their plays, and whether you should continue betting or not.
  • Raising to pick off other players – If you have a fantastic hand and you’re sure you can win, or even if you simply don’t but you’re confident that a raise would eliminate some of the competition, you might do it as a way to get players off the table. If they had already bet a small sum of cash, it’ll remain on the table, and they will likely stop betting if their hands are mediocre or simply not good enough.
  • Check-Raising – One of the most common moves in poker is the check-raise, a strategy that can cause a lot of problems to players trying to read your game and bring more money to the table. We’ll explore this one with more detail.

Explaining Check-Raising in Poker – The Most Common Raising Move

Check-raising is the act of checking when it’s your turn to bet, but then, when another player places a bet and it’s your turn again, you raise the stakes. This is a very popular move because it truly confuses players as to what they have, and if you have a very good hand, you’ll also be able to get more money into the table without revealing too much at first.

Check-raising is so effective that players use it in all sorts of poker games. It doesn’t matter if you’re on a professional tournament, on an amateur tournament, on quick-play tables, or even playing from the comfort of your home at an online casino – check-raising it’s a very common strategy altogether.

Check-raising can only be done when you don’t either have the option to raise or check, usually when you’ve already bet money on the round as part of a blind or as part of a call. In any case, raise-checking depends is not possible to do unless another opponent bets after you’ve already checked once.

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There are only two scenarios in which you should check-raise:

  • When you have a great hand, so more people bet money (hoping that they don’t fold, of course)
  • When you suspect that your opponents have better hands than you, to have them fold instead by bluffing with a raise

When to Bluff in Poker – The Trick of Tricking the Table

Bluffs are extremely common in poker, but they can also be very telling of whether a player knows how to play the game or not. Amateurs tend to bluff randomly, which can make them hard to read, but it can also expose them having terrible hands and betting money that they shouldn’t’ have bet.

As such, as someone who has just started playing poker, you might be better off trying to be discrete with your bluffing.

Bluffing is the act of raising or calling when you aren’t confident that you’re going to win. Although risky, it’s a necessary part of the game, as it gets in your opponents’ heads and could be what defines whether you win or lose a round.

Bluffing is the only way you have of winning when you have nothing good on you, unless all other opponents magically fold, which usually never happens.

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When and When Not to Bluff:

  • If you’re running low on cash, you might want to avoid bluffing altogether. You could lose all of your money and it simply doesn’t make too much sense to do it unless you’ve managed to get a strong grasp of how your opponents play and you’re certain they will fold
  • When you’ve managed to keep the same strategy working for a little while, it might be time for you to bluff. If you haven’t bluffed for a while, it can even be beneficial for you to lose a small amount of chips in a single round as to show your opponents that you can bluff and lose
  • On the contrary, if you have been placing too many bluff bets recently, it might be better for you to start valuing your bets more often. Players tend to judge your moves according to their recent memories – especially amateurs

Retreating IS an Option – When to Fold and When To Do It

Not knowing when to fold is one of the easiest ways to tell when a player lacks poker experience. Going all the way until the end is sometimes the smart thing to do. However, in most cases, amateur players will keep betting until the round ends and, in most occasions, they might even raise the stakes at the worst of times.

As such, learning when to fold (also known as the art of retreating), is one of the best ways to avoid losing unnecessary money.

You will need to learn the concept of cutting your losses if you want to be a successful poker player. Not even the best player in the world will play an entire poker tournament table without folding or losing money. It’s important that you understand, as a newcomer to the poker scene, that losing some rounds is part of the game.

However, the amount of money that you lose is, indeed, under your control. There are times at which you are better off not betting more money and folding. You will also lose money uncontrollably at certain times, of course, but you can influence the amount of money that you lose by playing smartly.

When to Fold in Poker

  • If you have a very bad hand, you might want to fold as soon as the flop drops. It’s pointless to make a bet after the flop if you really have nothing on you, as it will only compromise your total stack and it won’t allow you to recover any cash
  • When you’re on a streak of bad luck in terms of the hands that you’re getting, you might want to avoid folding too often. This will allow other players to read your game much easier. Folding too often also makes you a target for more experienced players, as they will know that you’re not much of a risk-takerTrust us – they will exploit this and you’re going to struggle to come back from it if you don’t know how to change your strategy mid-game
  • You have to learn when to fold even if you’ve already made bets on that round. Your opponent might be bluffing, but are you certain you should take that risk with a pair of 5s with a K and a J on the table? It’s important that you understand that, sometimes, cutting your losses is the best thing you can do in a poker game. Betting and raising instead of folding just to force your opponent into “proving:” that they really have a winning hand can cost you a lot of chips in a single round
  • If you’re almost certain that your opponent has a better hand than you (even if you have a high pair on your hands), you might be better off folding. This is a very risky move because it can backfire catastrophically, but it’s also a safe way for you not to lose any unnecessary chips.
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How to Fold in Poker

  • Never fold before it’s your turn. One of the worst rookie mistakes that some amateurs make is to simply throw a bad hand back at the dealer almost as soon as they receive it. That will not only tell the table that you’re inexperienced, but it will also serve as a clear way to demonstrate that your hand was bad from the get-go.If you happen to have the chance of keeping your bad hand until after the flop, then you should always do it. In fact, if you can afford to call a small bet with a small sum of cash, it can be really worth it in the end. You might see a bad hand turn into a full house with some luck, and then you can simply raise your bet as the round goes on.This applies both to online and real-life games. Your reaction at the time of folding is crucial. In fact, if you have the chance, don’t program the game to fold automatically. Other players will pick up on this. You might want to take a closer look at your hand, or even if it takes you a couple of extra seconds, simply wait out a bit and click the fold button yourself.
  • If you’re playing real-life poker, you should always give your cards to the dealer facing down. Giving your cards facing up will allow other players to see what you have and it will impact some players negatively while others will benefit from it. It’s unprofessional to do it like this, se we advise you to avoid it at all costs.
  • There are times at which you might want to show which cards you had in your hand when you fold. This is often done when all other players have made their bets and you simply want to give hints of your strategy, like when you perform the so called “Hero Fold”. Hero Folds are made when you have a great hand, but you still think your opponents have better odds than you.

When to Call or Check in Poker

Calling or checking is one of the most basic plays in poker, which happen multiple times per round. However, checking or calling is not as straightforward as it seems.

Depending on the hand and what happens on the flop, checking might leave you exposed. You could also perform the check-raise that we told you about, but if all players check and your turn is after the big blind, you’ll be left in a weaker position in the eyes of everyone else.

In fact, calling a hand or checking will leave you in a different stage of vulnerability depending on when your turn is. Players that bet one or two turns after the big blind are the most vulnerable, as everyone else plays after them and they will be dictating the tempo of the start of the round.

Players that bet last have the upper hand, whilst players that bet between these two groups are not as vulnerable as the first ones.

  • Some pro players like to fold when they are the first ones to bet, as they have no information to work with. Again, analyzing opponents plays a huge part in poker, which is why most pros hate to be the ones that bet directly after the blinds.It makes no sense not to call or fold with a good hand, though, so you might want to always call at first to see how other players react and what the table does.
  • Folding low value cards at the first round is also a very common strategy for beginners. You might want to simply fold whichever bad hand you get. However, it’s important that you don’t do this too often. Even if your opponents aren’t seasoned poker players, they can still pick up on your strategies if you keep them as basic as can be.
  • It’s also a good move to check or call after the flop. Some players are tempted to raise as soon as they see that they have a pair of Aces, which can be detrimental for their strategy as it can scare off other players or put them as the “leading” player on the table from the get-go.

Playing with a Small Stack of Chips

One of the most challenging things in poker is to play when you only have a handful of chips in your hand. In fact, going into a 1v1 in a poker table when you have less chips than your opponent can be one of the most difficult things for amateurs and professionals alike.

The player with the most chips will always have the upper hand on the one with less chips, as a higher stack will always allow the player to dictate the tempo of the game. The player with the most chips can always outbid their rival, and can force them to go all-in if the player with less chips thinks they can win the round.

All in all, playing with a smaller stack of chips in a poker table will mean that you’ll have to play much more conservative. Being aggressive with a smaller stack of chips could also cause other players to fold in more occasions, though, even if you’re bluffing. It’s highly unlikely that a player with just a handful of chips would bet them all unless they were confident of winning.

Again, mind-games play a huge part in poker when you’re running out of money. Study how your opponents react to your risky plays during the game and see what they do when you’re on a smaller stack of chips. When you’re about to lose, reading your opponents’ moves becomes more important than ever if you’re looking to turn things around.

Here are some tips for playing with a smaller stack of chips, which could help you not lose all of your money:

  • Only play hands that are guaranteed to work out. For example, place a bet if you have a pair already guaranteed – don’t play hands that have the potential of becoming flushes if one specific card gets drawn
  • If you have an Ace, and another high card, you should be chasing a win if you’re on a smaller stack of chips
  • As we’ve said, you should only bluff in certain occasions and only if necessary. When you’re on a small stack, you won’t want to be taking too many risks that could compromise your stay in the game
  • Don’t bet on low pairs if there are high-value cards on the table


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Playing a Less-Favorable Hand – Should You Do It?

If you’re just beginning to play poker, then we have to recommend you not to play too many low-value hands. Experienced players can often tell when they can take the risk of going for the pot with a low pair, but when you’re just beginning, it might not be smart to take too many risks until you get a grasp of the game’s basics.

Once you start becoming more comfortable with poker plays and understanding basic betting strategies, you can then give it a go by risking the chance to win with a low-value hand.

Adding to what we’ve said in our last point, you should avoid playing low-value hands if you’re lacking money. Don’t try to take too many risks with a small stack of chips – we can’t stress this enough!

In most cases, when you try to play a hand that doesn’t really hold a lot of value, you will be doing it because you’re looking to bluff or confuse your opponents. Chances are that you can win with a bluff – especially if there are high-value cards on the table, which can serve to confuse your opponent and trick them to believe that you have something good in your hand.

The problem with betting or raising with a less-favorable hand is that you will end up having to bet throughout the entire round if you don’t want to make your opponents see that you’re bluffing. When the round ends, it might be beneficial for you not to show to your rivals the cards that you were holding if you happened to win.

You could also show them that you were bluffing if you want – it’s all part of the mind games that form part of a player’s ultimate strategy.

Variation is Crucial if You Want Sustained Success

If you’re looking for long-term poker success, you need to learn to vary your strategy. Amateurs are hard to predict because they often play without a clear strategy given the lack of experience. However, intermediate players that are finally starting to get a grasp of the game can struggle to vary, making them easy pickings for the pros.

Have you ever heard about beginner’s luck in poker? It’s a very common concept, but mainly because it’s not really luck. Beginners tend to play all over the place, which makes them really hard to read. As they start grasping the basics of the game and creating their own strategies, it’s highly likely that people with more experience will begin picking them up quickly.

Why not play randomly at all times, then? Well, because it cannot be done if you’re looking to have sustained success in the poker scene. Random plays will only take you as far as other players permit, given that solid strategies outdo random plays in every type of poker game; especially so in Texas Hold ‘em.

You will need to develop strategies and mix them up during your game. If you’ve been playing aggressive for a while, then you might want to play more conservatively for a couple of rounds, then pick up a couple of aggressive wins, and then go back to conservative plays.

Pros are also very good at spotting player patterns. If you want to beat pros (or become a pro yourself), you will need to start scrapping patterns in your play and detecting them yourself before other people catch up on them. Mix things up and watch yourself become a successful poker player in the long run!

Playing Online Poker vs Playing Real-Life Poker

Many people prefer playing online poker than real-life poker. However, the skillset required to be triumphant in both variations of the game is very similar. The main difference, as we said in the beginning of our guide, is that you won’t be able to read your opponent’s physical reactions but only their in-game reactions to plays.

That also means, however, that your opponents won’t be able to read your reactions either. This can be very helpful for players who are just getting started to poker, as it can be very hard to control your reactions at first.

One of the main pieces of advice that we can give you is to play online poker first before adventuring into real casinos to bet against other players. Online poker will allow you to get a strong grasp and understanding of the game without having to feel the pressure that comes with playing in a real environment. You will still lose or win money, but the pressure is not as big.

Learn how to control your reactions when you get good or bad hands, try out different strategies, and explore the different plays that can be performed in a regular poker game online. Then, you can move on to playing online poker tournaments.

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If your success continues, you can then move on to a real casino to try your luck in a land-based poker table. Try out your strategies and techniques against real players and embark on a journey that could take you to the very top of the poker scene in the world!

These Online Casinos are the Best Poker Websites in 2020

Now that you know everything there is to know about the basics of Texas Hold’em Poker, it’s time for you to start discovering the best online casinos at which you can get your poker adventure started. Not all online casinos offer you the chance to play poker against real players, but those that do tend to have some very performance-friendly apps that work quite well in most devices.

Two of the best online casinos that we’ve reviewed on The Casino Wizard have fantastic poker apps, both of which allow you to play with different types of currency from all over the world. The reduced graphical quality of poker apps is done on purpose as to allow players to access them from all devices.

As such, lag won’t be an issue at all when playing at any of the following online casinos.

Also, if you want to play poker against the house, both of these online casinos also have live dealer sections where you can play against a real dealer from the comfort of your home.

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888 Poker

Our review of this amazing website shows that it is one of the best online casinos in the world. We have had the chance and pleasure of enjoying their online poker app and it’s, by far, one of the most entertaining poker apps that we’ve tried. The entire app is designed to work on virtually any device, as we’ve tried it in older computers as well as in modern ones.

The poker section of the 888 Casino comes packed with activities and things to do, although the app’s payment processing could be a bit more straightforward. Players can struggle a bit to maneuver around the cashier, and the 888 Casino does ask for a lot of personal information when playing online. These are nothing but security checks, though.

We actually really liked that the casino really cared about our security. Betting money on the 888 Poker app will not only open up a door to countless tournaments and online casino tables, but it will also allow you to feel safe in one of the best poker environments that we’ve encountered.

It’s no surprise that this amazing website has become one of the most popular places for internet lurkers to enjoy a good round of online poker. It also comes with a plethora of amazing online casino bonuses that will help you enjoy slots, virtual table games, and many other types of casino goodness!

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Betsson Poker

We have to admit that the Betsson poker tables are nothing but fantastic. The artwork of the entire game is smooth as possible and the way the website transitions is absolutely perfect. The Betsson casino is one of the best online casinos in the world, but it’s made even better by the fact that the site has one of the most comprehensive poker apps as well.

As with the 888 Casino, the Betsson Poker section must be downloaded to your device if you wish to truly enjoy it. It’s made to work mostly on modern computers, but playing Betsson Poker on mobile devices is also possible.

In any case, Betsson comes packed with a plethora of fantastic casino bonuses that are nothing but beneficial to most players. The site is, by far, one of the largest in terms of how many games it hosts as well as the number of players that it has. If that’s not enough to convince you about visiting Betsson, you’ll want to check out their Poker tournaments and tables.

Much like the 888 Casino, you can also play poker against the house in the Betsson Live Dealer Casino. This section is filled with some of the best online casino games created by Evo Gaming, the finest developer of live dealer casino games on the planet.

Play against the dealers or against real players – it’s up to you to decide where to begin your poker adventure at the amazing Betsson Casino!

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Play Poker Online and Start a Journey That’ll Take You to the Stars and Beyond

You’re now more than ready to visit the best online casinos and start making a large profit in their fantastic poker games. Be sure to apply all of the strategic tips that we’ve given you and you’ll be good to go to beat other amateurs and get the best out of seasoned players in more than one occasion.

Remember, though – becoming an expert takes a lot of time. You can’t expect to win every time even if you manage to master all of the poker strategies in existence. You will start seeing better results and bigger wins with consistent playtime, though. Keep up those spirits and be sure not to give up on your dreams of becoming a better poker player with each day that passes; consistency is key!

Kickstart your adventure in these two online poker websites that we’ve mentioned, and you’ll surely be on your way to becoming a better player as time goes by. Which would you pick? The virtual tables of the 888 Casino or the acclaimed online halls of the fantastic Betsson website?

How can I improve my hand-reading? I often get asked this question. It's an interesting question because in a way it's the same as asking How can I get better at poker? Hand reading is such an integral part of the game, that there is unlikely be a simple answer to this simple question. Hand reading is something that improves slowly and is the product of a large amount of experience and practice. Nevertheless, we will attempt to accelerate that progress with a few tips and tricks.

1. Understanding Ranges

We often refer to a range in percentage format. For example, “our opponent has a 3-bet range of 10%”. On it's own this statement has extremely limited meaning. Logic tells us that these 10% of hands are probably reasonably strong. But that idea is not conferred in a frequency or percentage. Our opponent could be 3betting the worst 10% of hands.
In other words there has to be more to a range than just a frequency. Sure, the frequency is extremely useful, but we also need to assign a type to that range.
Merged/Depolarized/Linear – Ideally this is the easiest type of range to understand. The three terms here can be used interchangeably. The notion of “linear” suggests that we are referring to only the top hands. The irony is that there is no way of knowing which the top hands are, it really depends on how we rank them. Hands have no equity in the absolute sense, they only have equity when compared to another hand or range. So some hands might have good equity vs certain ranges but not so good equity vs other ranges. We may not even choose to rank hands in terms of equity. In fact, the deeper the stacks get in general the less we care about equity as opposed to playbility.
Even if we identify our opponent's range as linear 10% (which is a great start), we still want to observe if he shows a preference or leaning to any specific types of holdings over others.
So there is no “correct” or “absolute” version of a linear range, it will be partly subjective. Most people would agree that AA is the best hand in NLHE, but would they choose A9o or 9Ts as part of their linear range if they had to make a choice? A9o has noticeably better equity vs any 2 cards but 9Ts has a playbility advantage in most situations. Even if we identify our opponent's range as linear 10% (which is a great start), we still want to observe if he shows a preference or leaning to any specific types of holdings over others.
Polarized – Generally considered the opposite type of range to that described above. Players generally have a value-range and a bluff-range but not so much of the stuff in between. For example a player decides to fire 3 big barrels on flop, turn, and river. He is unlikely to have a mid-strength hand here, it doesn't make any sense. He either has something really strong, or he is bluffing.
True polarization only occurs on the river (or at least it should if we are playing optimally). On the river we fire our best hands for value and our worst hands as a bluff. On any other street while there are still further cards to come, we do not bluff with our worst possible holdings, simply hands weaker than those we opt to play passively with. For example preflop we'd have something like AA in our value-range and maybe something like Q9s in our bluff range. Q9s is a reasonable hand and has some equity/playability. We wouldn't generally use something like 23o which would be true polarization. The same applies on the flop and turn. We don't generally bluff with zero-equity holdings, we pick those with some equity/potential.
Generally we recognize a polarized range when someone is playing aggressively across multiple streets, especially facing a three-barrel. Any time our opponent is essentially representing a super strong hand which is not made frequently he can be considered polarized.
Condensed – Players often overlook this type of range, but it is nonetheless very important. It's common to mistakenly assume that there are only 2 main types of range, polarized and depolarized. Condensed is similar to a merged range except it doesn't contain super strong holdings. So imagine something like a J78ss texture and our opponent decides to check/call. He is unlikely to check/call garbage here. He is also unlikely to check/call any super strong hand like straights or sets. These need protection on such a drawy texture and would likely get check/raised. So our opponent has a range that consists of mid-strength hands and draws, but no air, and no nuts.
As a rough guide someone who is passively calling down is more likely to have a condensed range while someone who is being aggressive is more likely to have a polarized range.
Capped – Very similar to a condensed range. The main difference is that a capped range could consist entirely of air hands while a condensed range has some showdown hands. In the example above on the J78ss we could say that our opponent is capped if the turn card is blank. If the turn card completes possible draws then our opponent is no longer capped. Identifying capped ranges is a crucial part of increasing our non-showdown winnings (red-line).
Weighted – Ranges can have different weightings. Even if we know our opponent has a 10% polarized range it's good to be able to specify which percentage of that range is for value and which percentage of that range is a bluff. It makes a big difference whether our opponent is “weighted towards value”, or “weighted towards bluffs”.

2. Thinking Backwards

Hopefully if you are reading this article you already get the basic idea of hand-reading. Our opponent starts out with all possible combinations of hands. Based on his actions we remove combinations of hands that don't make sense and his range gets progressively narrower. By the river we have hopefully narrowed his range down to one of a few possible holdings and can make the best decision vs that range.
Sometimes this is not the best way to do things however. The human brain is not really wired to keep track of hundreds of different hand combinations at the same time. Sometimes it is significantly easier to focus on what our opponent does not have rather than what he has. So if he's representing something strong on the river and we know he would have raised it on an earlier street then it's not necessary to visualise his entire range in order to understand that we have a call.
By the river we have hopefully narrowed our opponent's range down to one of a few possible holdings and can make the best decision vs that range.
So depending on the exact situation it might be easier to think about what our opponent has or it might be easier to think about what he does not have. Experiment with both depending on the situation.

3. Combinatorics

We at least need a vague idea of how to employ combinatorics. This is not easy to calculate mid-hand, but even having a rough idea of how many combinations of certain hands are possible can increase our decision-making efficiency. See the article on combinatorics here at pokervip.com for more information.

4. Reverse Hand Reading

This is a very effective technique when playing against regulars. Reading the hand of a good regular can be difficult – their hand strength might often be disguised. However we do know what our own possible range might look like. Reverse hand reading is a technique where we read our own range from villain's perspective and base our play off this.
In other words if we take a super strong line and we still get raised, it's generally safe to say that we can be folding some big hands. However if we take a line where we look weak, we should be more inclined to continue with our bluff-catchers when we face aggression.

5. Recognizing Capped Ranges

This is an important technique that allows us to make zero-equity plays and generate automatic profit. It essentially revolves around understanding when opponent would have done something different on earlier streets with his monsters.
So on the J78ss, when our opponent check/calls and the turn card is a blank we can typically assume that he is very unlikely to have anything strong. This is a good situation to keep the pressure on. In the same situation if the board comes J55 rainbow, our opponent would often slowplay his premiums so we can't automatically assume that he is capped if he takes a passive line.
Other situations where many opponents are capped involve any situation where our opponent misses a continuation bet on flop turn or river. Naturally we should skip cbets with strong hands for range protection purposes, but the fact is, most players don't do this enough. Check out the article “Common Bluff Spots” for more information on this topic.

6. Understanding Tendencies

This is absolutely crucial and essentially comes with experience. We could be very strong at putting our opponents on specific ranges and keeping track of individual combinations, but if our assumptions about our opponents' tendencies are incorrect, then it is all for nothing.
This kind of thing can often vary from network to network and from stake to stake. It's often the case that we will not maximise our full potential winrate until we have played at least 10k hands at a certain limit and started to gauge the general tendencies of the games.
Even if our assumptions about our opponents range are perfect, we can still end up losing if our expectations regarding his tendencies are not accurate. Imagine we've narrowed our opponents range down to one specific hand, a mid-pair hand. (Probably impossible in practice). We assume this player would fold his mid pair facing a large bet on the river. He doesn't. We've correctly identified his holdings but still lost money.
One reason why players have difficulty moving up limits is that don't allow for that 10k hands or so worth of adjustment and they try to adjust to quickly, after only a few hundred hands.
One reason why players have difficulty moving up limits is that don't allow for that 10k hands or so worth of adjustment. For example they might play a few hundred hands or so and then say something like “Wow, players 3bet a lot more aggressively at this limit”. Could be true, might not be. The point is, we are not qualified to make such a judgement after only a few hundred hands at the current limit. There is a reasonable chance our opponents have similar 3betting frequencies to the other limit but are running good over a small sample. If we start responding with aggression and keep running into AA/KK, we shouldn't always be surprised. Perhaps we tried to adjust too quickly.

7. Thinking Deeply

With the invention of fast-fold poker formats, it's easy to get into the habit of making decisions quickly. It's easy to forget that poker is a game of strategy and requires a deep level of thought, similar to chess.
We need to give ourself a fighting chance by slowing down our decisions and thinking as deeply as time permits about our opponents' holdings. Don't be afraid to use your time bank. It doesn't cost us any additional chips and gives us a big advantage, especially if our opponents are making decisions in 2-3 seconds without really thinking.
Often quick decisions can be a result of poor mindset. So while we might ordinarily be reasonably strong hand readers, tilt has the ability to shut-down our rational thinking processes and make our hand-reading non-existent. It's amazing how this can happen subtly without us realising.
As mentioned at the outset, hand-reading ability is something that we develop through playing large volume and deliberate study off the table. Don't be discourage if you feel it's taking longer than you imagined to develop strong hand-reading fundamentals. The 7 suggestions in this article should help to accelerate you along the way.